Companies acting in strategic sectors like defense, energie, transport, communication, other public services and banks and insurance companies controlled by the State can decide to state a 5% limit of the number of shares that investors can buy (foreign or Italian) except for public investors. Since September 2017, the bank Monte dei Paschi di Siena is controlled by the State. 68,247% of the shares are held by the Ministry of Economics and Finance in 2019. Its bylaws does not include the 5% limit of shares that the private investors can by. 