Since 2002, at least 70% of the total share capital and voting capital in newspaper and magazine companies shall belong directly or indirectly to Brazilian-born citizens or foreign nationals who obtained Brazilian citizenship more than 10 years ago. Previously, foreign participation was prohibited.
"Article 222. Newspaper companies, sound broadcasting companies, or sound and image broadcasting companies, shall be owned exclusively by native Brazilians or those naturalized for more than ten years, or by legal entities incorporated under Brazilian laws and headquartered in Brazil. (CA No. 36, 2002)
Paragraph 1. In all circumstances, at least seventy per cent of the total capital stock and of the voting capital of newspaper companies, sound broadcasting companies, or sound and image broadcasting companies, shall be owned directly or indirectly by native Brazilians or those naturalized for more than ten years, who shall mandatorily exercise the management of activities and shall define the content of programming.
Paragraph 2. Editorial responsibility and the activities regarding selection and management of the programming to be disseminated shall be carried out exclusively by native Brazilians or those naturalized for more than ten years, in any social communication medium.
Paragraph 3. Electronic social communication media, regardless of the technology used to deliver the service, shall comply with the principles stipulated in article 221, as provided by specific legislation, which shall also ensure priority to Brazilian professionals in the production of Brazilian programs.
Paragraph 4. Specific legislation shall regulate the participation of foreign capital in the companies mentioned in paragraph 1.
Paragraph 5. Any alterations in the corporate control of the companies mentioned in paragraph 1 must be communicated to the National Congress.[...]" (Brazilian Federal Constitution (October 5, 1988), as amended on May 28, 2002, Article 222 [unofficial translation])
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"Art. 1 the This law regulates the participation of foreign capital in the newspaper companies and radio broadcasting and sound and images mentioned in § 4 the art. 222 of the Constitution.
Art. 2 the participation of foreigners or naturalized Brazilians less than ten years in the capital of newspaper companies and broadcasting can not exceed thirty percent of the total capital and voting capital of these companies and will only be made indirectly, through a legal entity incorporated under Brazilian law and having its registered office in the country.
§ 1 the The companies effectively controlled by chaining other companies or by any other indirect means, by foreigners or naturalized Brazilians less than ten years may not have full participation of more than thirty percent of the share capital, total and voting, the news and broadcasting companies. [...]" (Law 10,610 (20 December 2002) providing for the participation of foreign capital in the newspaper and broadcasting companies, Articles 1 and 2 [google translation])
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"Art 3. For the purposes of this Decree-Law, a journalistic company is considered to be one whose activity is the edition of a newspaper or magazine, or the distribution of news, with effective operation, financial suitability and legal registration.
§ 1º A journalistic company is equivalent to the section or service of a broadcasting, television or cinematographic dissemination company, or of an advertising agency, where the activities provided for in article 2 are carried out. [...]" (Decree-Law No. 972, of October 17, 1969 about the exercise of the profession of journalist [google translation]).
Brazilian Federal Constitution (October 5, 1988), as amended on May 28, 2002, Article 222
Law 10,610 (20 December 2002) providing for the participation of foreign capital in the newspaper and broadcasting companies, Articles 1 and 2
Decree-Law No. 972, of October 17, 1969 about the exercise of the profession of journalist [google translation]
[<a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/Constituicao/Constituicao.htm">Constitution</a>],[<a href="https://www.oas.org/es/sla/ddi/docs/acceso_informacion_base_dc_leyes_pais_b_1_en.pdf">Constitution_Eng</a>],[<a href="https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/2002/l10610.htm">Law</a>],[<a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto-lei/del0972.htm">Decree-Law</a>]