Foreign investment in dekhan farms is prohibited and foreign legal entities, including branches of foreign companies in the country, cannot access agricultural land, not even on a leasehold basis.  For the purposes of the OECD FDIRRI, it is assumed that 'Dhekan' farms are one of the main types of private agricultural enterprises, although not the only one (e.g. breeding farms as established by the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan of September 19, 2013, No. 1020 "On Pedigree" [google translated] or business entities engaged in grain production as per the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan of February 21, 2018, No. 1506 "On Grain and Products of its Processing" [google translated], for instance, do not seem to be restricted to foreign participation). Foreign citizens right to participate in farming activities (e.g. through subsidiary plot farms) is not considered as the Index reflects only restrictions affecting foreign legal persons. 
"CHAPTER 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1. Basic concepts
The following basic concepts are used in this Law:
- dekhkan (farm) economy (hereinafter - dekhkan farm) - a business entity whose production storage, processing and sale of agricultural products are based on the personal activities of one person or joint activities of a group of individuals on a land plot and property belonging to them;
- members of the dekhkan farm - citizens of the Republic of Tajikistan, with the exception of restrictions established by the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan.
[...]
Article 3. The right to create a dekhkan farm and its form
1. Legally capable citizens of the Republic of Tajikistan who have reached 18 years of age are eligible to create a dekhkan farm.
2. A dekhkan farm is established in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan by one person or group of individuals in the following forms:
- without the formation of a legal entity with the number of its members from 1 to 50 people;
- with the formation of a legal entity without taking into account the number of members.
3. A dekhkan farm, created without the formation of a legal entity by one and (or) from 2 to 50 individuals on the basis of an agreement on joint activities, has been operating since the moment of state registration as an individual entrepreneur, with the words "Dekhkan farm" in its name .
4. A dekhkan farm with the formation of a legal entity may carry out its activities from the moment of state registration as a business partnership or company provided for by the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan, with the words "Dekhkan farm" in its name.
Article 4. Membership in the dekhkan farm [...]
2. A person operating in a dekhkan farm as an employee on the basis of an employment contract is not a member of the dekhan farm. [...]" (Law of the Republic of Tajikistan dated March 15, 2016, No. 1289 "On dekhkan (farm) economy" [google translate])
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"Article 3. The concept of personal subsidiary plots
1. A personal subsidiary farm is a farm maintained by the personal labor of a citizen or members of his family in order to produce agricultural products and satisfy their food needs and other needs.
2. The activities of citizens in the conduct of personal subsidiary plots are not related to entrepreneurial activity.
3. A personal subsidiary farm may be carried out by a citizen or members of his family.
4. The members of the personal subsidiary plots are spouses, children, adopted children, parents and other relatives living together.
[...]
CHAPTER 2. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PERSONAL AGRICULTURE
Article 4. The right of citizens to organize and maintain personal subsidiary plots [...]
4. Foreign citizens and stateless persons have the right to organize and maintain personal subsidiary plots on the territory of the Republic of Tajikistan in the manner and on the conditions that are determined by the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan and in the presence of free land fund. [...]" (Law of the Republic of Tajikistan dated December 8, 2003, No. 47 "On personal subsidiary plots" [google translated])
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"Rules for the reorganization and reform of agricultural organizations
1. These Rules establish the possible ways and features of the reform of agricultural organizations (hereinafter referred to as the organization), also determine and regulate the main directions and methods of their reorganization.
Agricultural organizations are organizations engaged in the production of agricultural products, processing and their sale. 
[...]
II. The procedure for the liquidation and reorganization of agricultural organizations
8. Agricultural organizations are transformed on the basis of the Civil Code of the Republic of Tajikistan, which determines the procedure for liquidation and reorganization.
Agricultural organizations, at the request of members of their labor collective, can be transformed into dekhkan (farm) enterprises and other forms of management provided for by the current legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan.
9. Reorganization (association, accession, distribution, division, transformation) and the choice of the legal form of organization of agricultural enterprises is carried out by the decision of the founder or his authorized body.
Intervention of local executive bodies of state power in making decisions of the general meeting of farm members on organization, dekhkan farms and other types of management is prohibited.
10. Agricultural organizations, according to a joint decision of the creditors or by the courts, may be declared bankrupt. [...]" (Rules for the reorganization and reform of agricultural organizations dated November 30, 2006 No. 1775 [google translated])
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"CHAPTER IY. TRANSFORMATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS, ENTERPRISES AND LAND REFORM
Article 13. Forms of management
The transformation of the structure of agricultural organizations and enterprises, regardless of subordination, is carried out by creating dekhkan farms, business associations, production cooperatives and other forms of management with the consent of labor collectives[...]" (Law of the Republic of Tajikistan of March 5, 1992, n 594 "On Land Reform" [google translated])
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"On the exercise of the right to use land
In order to effectively use the land in the interests of the people, ensure the rights and protect the interests of citizens, create favorable conditions for the development of agricultural production, I decide:
1. To establish that the documents certifying the right to use the land are the Certificate (Certificate) for the right to use the land and the Certificate for the land share.
2. It will establish that citizens with household plots, land plots for collective gardening, truck farming, personal subsidiary plots and dekhkan (farm) holdings are entitled through the Committee on Land Resources and Land Management under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan and their authorized bodies to implement the Certificate (Certificate ) on the right to use land. [...]" (Decree of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan dated June 22, 1998 No. 1021 "On the realization of the right to use land" [google translated])
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"Section 25. Provision of Land to Foreign Citizens and Foreign Legal Entities
Land plots can be granted for foreign use for a term of up to 50 years to foreign citizens and foreign legal entities.
Agricultural lands and lands of specially protected territories are not provided to foreign citizens and foreign legal entities.
When transferring the right to use a land plot of agricultural purpose with the right of alienation to a foreign individual or legal entity, this right shall be alienated to an individual or legal entity of the Republic of Tajikistan within one year from the date of acquisition of the right to a land plot.
If for any reason the alienation of the right to use such a land plot to a physical or legal person of the Republic of Tajikistan is not possible, the right to use the land plot shall be transferred to the local executive body of state power on a reimbursable basis at the market value of the right to use the land plot.
In case of failure to comply with the requirements of parts three and four of this article, the seizure of the land, the right of use of which has been transferred to a foreign individual or legal entity, is carried out in court. [...]" (LAND CODE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN dated December 13, 1996 No. 327 [google translated])
Law of the Republic of Tajikistan dated March 15, 2016, No. 1289 "On dekhkan (farm) economy" [google translate]
Rules for the reorganization and reform of agricultural organizations dated November 30, 2006 No. 1775 [google translated]
Law of the Republic of Tajikistan of March 5, 1992, n 594 "On Land Reform" [google translated]
Decree of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan dated June 22, 1998 No. 1021 "On the realization of the right to use land" [google translated]
Law of the Republic of Tajikistan dated December 8, 2003, No. 47 "On personal subsidiary plots" [google translated]
Law of the Republic of Tajikistan of February 21, 2018, No. 1506 "On Grain and Products of its Processing" [google translated]
Land Code of the Republic of Tajikistan of December 13, 1996 No. 327, as amended [google translated]
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